Math Dictionary
( A - C ) ( D - F ) ( G - K ) ( L - P ) ( Q - T ) ( U- Z )

G
gable - a triangular ornament canopy over a door,window or the like.
gain - to make a gain or profit;benefit.
gainless - unprofitable;useless.
gal - a unit for measuring the acceleration of gravity, equal to one centimeter per second.
galactic circle - the great circle inclined at an angle of 62 degrees to the celestial equator
whose plane nearly coincides with the central line of the milky way.
galactic equator - galactic circles.
galactic latitude - the angular distance of a celestial body from the galactic plane.
galactic longtitude - the angular distance of a celestial body measured eastward along the galactic
circle from its intersection with the celestial equator.
galactic plane - the plain of the galactic circle.
galactic poles - the two opposites points o the celestial sphere, 90 degrees from the galactic circle.
gallon - measures for liquid equal to 4 quarts
game - the number of points needed to win.
garage sale - a private sale of used furniture.
general number - a literal number like ,a,b,m,d etc
general ledger - the main ledger that contains account of assets,liabilities,income ,expenditures and other financial data of business.
generation - about 20 to 30 years from the birth of one generation to the birth of the next generation.
genethliac - having to do with horoscopes;having to do with birthday.
geochronometry - the measurement of geologic time by means of geochronology.
geodesy - the branch of applied mathematics dealing with the measurement of the earth and of large areas on the
surfaces of the earth.
geomathematics - the science of calculating the dimension of the earth.
geometry - the branch of mathematics deaaling with the relations ,properties,and measurement of solids.
geometric - consisting of straight lines, circles,triangles and the other figures.
geometric mean - if a, b, and c. are positive numbers, and a/b -b/c, then b is called the geometric mean
between a and c.
geometric proportion - an equation between ratios. 4:16 = 1:4 is an geometric sequences.
gram - a unit of weight or mass in the metric sysytem.100 grams is equal to 1 kilograms.
graph - a line or diagram showing how one quantity depends on or changes with another
graph paper - a paper with a number of intersection vertical and horizontal lines.
graticulate - to divide into squares in order to make an accurate enlargement or reduction.
gravimeter - any one of several devices for measuring gravity at the earths surface.
gray market - the buying and selling of scarce product, usually secretly but without explicit violation of law at prices considered
exorbitant.
gray marketer - a person who transact business in the gray market.
great circle - the circle formed by the intersection of a plane passing through the center of a sphere.
greatest common factor - the greatest common factor of two numbers, a and b, is the largest number that divides both
a and b evenly.
gross - the total without deductions, as in gross income,groos profit,gross sales.
ground rent - the rent paid for land lease for building purposes.
group teory - a branch of mathematics dealing with the properties of groups.
grouped data - data which are organized in a frequency distribution.
given - a statement of facts given to be true ;a key element in a formal two column proof.
glide reflection - maps each point of a given geometric figure onto its image by a translation followed by a reflection over a line
that is perpendicular to the line of translation.
great circle - the circle formed by hte intersection of a sphere and plane passing through its center.
greatest common divisor - the largest number or quantity that will divide two or more others without remainder.The greatest
common divisor of 24 and 30 is 6.
gross - the whole sum: total amount.
gross domestic product - gross national product minus net payments on foreign investment.
gross loss - the total loss before business have been conducted.
gross national product - the total monetary calue of all product in a nation during a certain period of time.
gross profit - the difference between cost of goods and the selling price.
gross receipt - receipts before any deductions for expense of doing business have been deducted.
gross social product - the total monetary value of all goods produced in a nation during certain period of time.
gross ton - a long ton;2,240 pounds;100 cubic feet.
gross weight - weight including the container, waste, packing and the like.
grouping - a placing or manner of being placed in a group.
guarantee - a promise or pledge to pay or do something if another fails to do it.
guarantor - a person who makes or gives a guarantees.

H
half - one of two equal parts into which a things is or maybe devided.
half hour - 30 minutes
half line - the part of a line o one side of a fixed point.
half miler - a person who runs a distance of half a mile in a race.
half marathon - a foot race of 13.2 miles approximately on half the length of a marathon
half moon - something shaped like a half moon or a crescent.
half mast - a position half way or part way down from the top of a mast or staff. The flag is lowered
to half mast.
half pay - the set of all points in a plane that lie on one side of a line in the plane
half year - period of term of six months .
halma - a game played by 2 or 4 person with 19 or 13 pieces on a special checkered board
harmonic sequence - a sequence is a harmonic sequence if the reciprocals of the numbers in the sequence
form an arithmetic sequence
hectare - a unti of square measure in the metric system equal to 100 ares, 10,000 sq. meters or 2,471 acres.
hecto - a hundred;hectogram is = to a 100 grams.
hectogram - a unti of weight in a metric sysytem equal to 100 grams or 3.527 ounces.
hectoliter - a unit of linear measure in the metric system equal to 100 meters, or 0.1 kilometer.
hectostere - a unit of cubic measure in the metric system, equal to 100 steres,100 cubic meters or 130.8
cubic yards.
height - a general term for any such distance great or small.
hendecagon - a plane figure having 11 sides.
heptacron - a solid figures having seven verticles.
heptad - the number seven;a group of seven.
heptagonal - having the form of hectagon .
heptahedral - having seven sides.
heptagon - apolygon with seven sides
heptameter - a line of poetry having seven feet.
heptahedron - a solid figure having seven surfaces.
heptangular - having seven angles.
heptathlon - a two day competition for women in the Olympic games consisting of seven events that
includes the 100 meter hurdles, high jump, shot - put, 200 meter run on the first day and the long
jump, javelin throw, and 800 meter run on the second day.
hepatonic - having seven tones.
heptavalent - having seven valence
height - the length of the altitude of a figure.
heron's formula - used to find area of any triangle if the three side length are known.
hexadecimal number - a number written in base sixteen.
hexagon - a 6 sided polygon.
hexahedron - a polyhedron with six faces.
hinge theorem - if two sides of one triangle are congruent, respectively, to two sides
of a second triangle, and the included angle of the first triangle is larger than the included
angle of the second, then the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the
second triangle.
histogram - a kind of bar graph used to show frequency.
horizon - the line where the earth and the sky meet.
horizontal axis - the x- axis of the coordinate plane.
horizontal line - a line that is parallel to the horizon.
horizontal shift - the left or right translation of a graph.
horsepower - a unit of power equal in the U.S to 756 watts.
hundreths - it is the second decimal place from the decimal point of a decimal number or a mixed decimal number.
hyperbola - a plane curve formed when a right circular cone is cut by a plane making a larger angle with the base than
the side of the cone makes.
hyberbolic functions - the hyperbolic functions are defined as follows:
hyperbolic cosine:
cosh x - (1/2)
hyperbolic sine:
sinh x = (1/2)
hyperbolic tangent
tanh x = sinh x/ cosh x
hyperboloid - a quadric surface having a center not at infinity and some of its plane sections hyperbolas.
hypotenuse - in a right triangle,the side opposite of 90 degrees angle.
hypothesis - in a conditional (if then) statement, the part following the "if" that states the condition necessary for the
results to be true.

I
ideal point - the point at which parallel lines intersect.
identical equation - identity.
identity element - an element that does not change any other element on which it operates.
identity mapping - a dilation with a scale factor of 1.
image - the reflection of a geometric figure.
imaginary - having to do with the even root of a negative number or any expression involving such a root.
imaginary number - the imaginary unit used to form complex numbers.
import - to bring in form a foreign countries for sale or use.
importation - the act of importation.
importer - a person or company whose business is importing goods.
impost - tax or duty,especially on goods brought into a country customs duty.
improper fraction - a fraction with the numerator larger than the denominator.
impulse buying - buying something without previous thought.
incenter - the center of the inscribed circle in a triangle.
incentive - a thing that urges a person.
incentives pay - payment or bunos to induce a worker,employees or farmer to increase or improve production.
incentive rate - a wage rate under which a worker may earn more by producing more.
inch - a measure of length equal to 1/1/2 of a foot.
inclinometer - an instrument for measuring the angle that an aircraft makes with the horizontal plane.
included angle - in a triangle, the angle that lies between the two sides of an gle.
included side - in a triangle, the side that lies between two angles.
income - what comes in from property,business or wwork;money that comes in.
income account - an account of the money received and spent by a business.
income maintenance - government compensation or subsidy of those whose income fall below a specified level.
incommensure - not in proportion;not adequate.
income policy - a policy to combat inflation by various means without government control on wages and prices.
income tax - a government tax on a person's or a corporation's income above a certain deduction and exemptions.
incorporated - made into a corporation .
input out put table - a numerical table which breaks down the economy into various industrial groups,used in input-
output analysis.
insufficiency - too small an amount ; lack.
insufficient - not enough ;less than is needed.
intergrant - necessary to making up or belonging as a part to a whole.
integral calculus - the branch of higher mathematics that investigates integral methods of finding integral
and their applications in area, volume or other functions.
integrate - to give the cum or mean value of.
intelligence qoutient - the number that shows the rating of a persons intelligence.
independent system - a system of equations that has exactly one solution.
independent variable - the input value of a relation .
indirect proof - assuming the negation of the conclusion and showing that this lead to a known theorem,
definition theorem,definition,postulate or coronollary.
inductive reasoning - in a reasoning process,conclusions are based on observation;lacks the logical certainty
of the deductive method.
inequality - a statement that two numbers or not equal.
infinite - a set whose elements cannot be counted,but go on forever.
inscribed circle - a circle " inside a polygon " whose circumference tangent to the polygon.
inscribed polygon - a polygon with a all of its vertices on a circle.
installment - a part of a sum of money or of a debt to be paid.
installment plan - a system of paying for goods in installment.
integers - all whole numbers and their opposites; ...-3,-2.-1,0,1,2,3.
interior - anyone of the four angles formed inside two lines intersected by a straight line; an angle formed inside a polygon
by two adjacent side.
interest - if you borrow money from the bank you must pay interest on th loan
interlayer - between two layers.
intersecting lines - are lines that meet at only one point.
internal revenue - the revenue derived from taxes on domestic goods and income.
inventory - an itemized list of current goods or asset.
inverse - the statement formed when both parts of a conditional statement are negated
inverse function - function which is the enverse of another function.
inverse operation - on operation that "undoes" what another operation does.
invest - to buy something that will produce a profit.
investment bank - a bank that specializes in buying securities from corporation and government in large quantities and reselling
them in smaller units to investor.
investment company - an investment trust or mutual fund.
investor - a person who invest money.
irrational numbers - a number that cannot be expressed as the quotient of two intergers, a terminating decimal, or a
repeating decimal.
irrational - not rational.
isometry - a transformation that preserves distances,betweenees, and collinearity.
isoceles - having an indicating equal temperature.
isosceles trapezoid - a trapezoid in which the legs,both pairs of base angles and diagonals are congruent.
isosceles triangle - a triangle with at least two congrument sides.

K
kelvin scale - a scale for measuring temperature on which 273 degrees marks the freezing point of water,
373 degrees marks the boiling point and 0 marks absolute zero.
key money - money paid by a prospective tenant for the right to rent.
kilo ampere - a unit of electric current equivalent to 1,000 amperes.
kilobar - a unit of pressure equal to 14,500 pounds per square inch.
kilobits - a unit of information equal to 1,00 bits or binary digits.
kilobyte - a unit of computer information equal to 1,000 bytes.
kilo gauss - a unit of magnertic induction equal to 1,000 gauss.
kilogram - is a metric unit of weight that is equal to 1,000 grams.
kilohertz - 1,000 hertz used especially as a replacement for kilocycle in referring to radio frequency.
kilojoule - a unit of work of energy equal to 1,000 joules.
kiloliter - a measure of capacity in the metric sysytem equal to 1,000 liters.
kilomegacycle - a unit of frequency equal to 1 billion cycles per second .
kilometer - is a metric unit of length that is equal to 1000 meters
kilo ton - is equivalent to 1000 tons
kilowatt - is a unit of electric energy equal to 1,000 watts.
kite - a quardrilateral in which exactly one diagonal is the perpindicular bisector of the other diagonal and has two distinct
pairs of adjacent congruent sides.
knacker - a person who buys and slaughter useless horses and sells the hides , hoofs, and meat.
kwacha - the unit of money of Malawi equal to 100 tambala.
kwanza - the unit of money of Angola equal to 100 Iweis.